A stock within a stock within another stock

"The relationship between authorized, issued, and outstanding stock is shown in the graphic at the left"

Graphic at the left

WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP???? That they form a target shape? That it's like that of a mother and her embryo? That they are sort of friends but it's complicated because Authorized has feelings for Outstanding but everyone knows that Outstanding has a history with Authorized's best friend Issued? Seriously I've been looking at this page in my book for hours and I have no idea what it means..... it probably means nothing, publishers seem to like putting irrelevant pictures on pages just so it's not just a block of intimidating text (lol sounds like the concept of this blog).